Graduation Speech :: Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

Do we look like fortune tellers? Declare a major? Chart a course? Have a burger instead of a dog? What do you want to do when you grow up? There are more forks in the road ahead of us than at the Country Buffet -- and we're asked to choose just one! What is your favorite color? Blue. But are orange and red and puce out of the question? Banished from possibility? Put on the eternal yuck list? It just means that blue works today, but the rest of the rainbow is at our fingertips -- to use later, or not at all. We are full of secrets. We have lives and interests and talents that exist independent of math, and English, science and social studies. Secrets in the shadows of assemblies, football games, clubs, sports, dances and homework. We have friends who paint murals, write poetry, build cars, manage computer networks, train for the Olympics and save lives. Underneath these goofy caps are talents and dreams, ambitions and hopes -- enough to last decades, to build families, to change communities, to change lives. And our real destinations are secret -- even from ourselves -- and that's OK. We may have an idea, a plan, a passion. But we can't tell for sure. We will arrange flowers, electrons, words and water. We'll shape ideas, images, politics, missions and metal. We'll be productive and worthwhile, but where do we start? I'm starting with cows! While fussing over what I would do for my application project, I said to myself, "Sarah, what do you really want to do? What do you wanna have fun learning about?" and my answer was, "I would like to hang out with cows." Now, let me tell you, it is not easy to walk up to a dairy farmer and say, "Hello, can I come hang out at your farm and play with your thousand-pound puppies?" but I was fortunate enough to find an incredible mentor and family who welcomed me into their lives. A year later, I continue to learn from my "farm family," and my "cow friends." In fact, one week from today I plan to pile into a pick-up truck and head to Boise to attend the National Holstein Convention to learn more about cows and spend more time with the people who love them -- talk about great stuff! Someday, it may be because of my secret life that you've "got milk.

Analysis Of Cultural Landscape Essay

Cultural landscapes fall into three main categories. The most easily identifiable is the clearly defined landscape designed and created intentionally by man. The second category is the organically evolved landscape. The final category is the associative cultural landscape. Here the analysis is on Metropolis at Metrotown, which comes under the former category. Metropolis at Metrotown is a giant mall located in Burnaby, the third largest city in British Columbia by population, geographically sits in-between Vancouver and Port Coquitlam. The city is located just outside of downtown Vancouver and has evolved from a bedroom community to an urban centre and has lots to offer, from unique shopping areas, theatre productions, sports events and many more. The city has a mix of different religions and cultures. The ethnic identity is clearly visible in the city, northern parts of Hastings Street being well catered to Italian population, and south, Metrotown area with the mix of origins from China, South Korea and Yugoslavia. The time when SkyTrain, an automated train with advanced rapid transit technology, was constructed in the middle of 1980s, the dramatic development has started across the lengths and breadths of Burnaby, especially along Kingsway. This lead to the establishment of Metrotown Center in 1986, and consequently the residential areas around the commercial complex stood up in no time. Formerly the Shopping Mall was called as Metrotown Eaton Centre. But when Eaton was shutdown removing its stake, the Metropolis combined with Metrotown to form a single entity. Today this mega mall is the second largest in Canada. Today the expansion of the mega mall plays a major factor in the generation of economy and revenue from foreign exchange. The mall boasts the standard of living of the population in the city by giving employment. Job opportunities in the retail sector are expected to increase with about 97,000 new positions becoming available by 2011. Opportunities for retail sales associates, supervisors, and managers are expected to grow over the next eight years. The policy of recruitment is compliant with Human Rights Code, and prohibits discrimination in employment due to race, national or ethnic origin, citizenship, religion, age, sex, marital status, disability, language or record of offences. This mall plays a major role as one of the attractions of tourism. The mall offers attractive tourism programs like out-of-Town visitors, Group Travel Program, Meeting Planners and Sports Organizers, Hotel Shopping Packages. With the evolution of cross culture from different walks of the people, the globalization gave the speed to the spread of multi-national products in the city that never seen before. And these lead many more markets to see the light of the sun. This giant hall has around 220 shops, three department stores, multiplex theatres, restaurants, business offices, library, dental clinic, banks, cafes, spas and many more. The raise of public transportation in the form of Buses and SkyTrain emerged for the giant mall’s accessibility. And these add to the income generation from the parking and gas consumption. With the success of retail market, Government is benefiting in the form of Tax on the services and products. This giant mall is now touching the people from various walks of life. From the sales representatives to the market analysts , software engineers to librarians , cosmeticians to dentists, fashion designers to art suppliers, customer care executives , and the list goes on. If some people come to spend time in leisure, others come for partying. Round the clock this mall entertains the public with attractive events. Some of the annual events which include Clearance sales, Job fairs make the place the hot spot in the city. And the calendar always offers some new events to celebrate for the public like Fashion Shows, Music Awards, Contests and the list goes on. The mall is equipped with all necessary services to provide the public with the best shopping experience. The range of services include strollers, baby care in the food court, a nursing room, family washroom equipped with a baby change station and a Jellybean Park Play care. For giving the accessibility to all age groups, the mall provides wheelchairs on loan with free of cost. And sophisticated facilities are provided to the public to make their shopping enjoyable. Automated doors are located at most of the major entrances which includes Kingsway entrance, Real Canadian Superstore, Central Boulevard to name a few. It is also equipped with Passenger elevators. And modern, comfortable, and clean washrooms are available and they are also wheelchair accessible. Metrotown Food court caters tasteful food to public from various cultures and geographies. It is a very grand food court than the food courts of other malls in Burnaby. One can find Thai food, or a Korean cuisine ,or a restaurant making Caesar salad from Opa , along with the well known Burger King or A&W. The giant mall provides community rooms for the charities and non-profit organizations to make use of the infrastructure for the welfare of the community. Not only that, each year Metropolis at Metrotown donates nearly $1 million to charities and non-profit organizations, without discrimination on the basis of race, sex, or creed, to enhance the lives of the people in the community. Today the giant mall is one of the integral parts of the society and plays a significant role in the city’s economy and touches the lives of the people around the world, round the clock. References Anonymous (n. d) BCIT Retail Marketing Management Program . Retrieved March 26, 2008, from Anonymous (June, 2007) Metrotown Food Court . Retrieved March 26, 2008, from Anonymous (n. d) Tourism Programs . Retrieved March 26, 2008, from Anonymous (n. d) Cultural Landscapes – Categories and Subcategories . Retrieved March 26, 2008, from

Telling Time in Japanese

Learning numbers in Japanese is the first step toward learning to count, handling cash transactions and telling time.   Heres a dialogue to help beginning Japanese students learn the language conventions of how to tell time in spoken Japanese: Paul: Sumimasen. Ima nan-ji desu ka. Otoko no hito: San-ji juugo fun desu. Paul: Doumo arigatou. Otoko no hito: Dou itashimashite. Dialogue in Japanese ãÆ' Ã£Æ' ¼Ã£Æ' «: 㠁™ã  ¿Ã£  ¾Ã£ â€ºÃ£â€šâ€œÃ£â‚¬â€š ä »Å Ã¤ ½â€¢Ã¦â„¢â€šÃ£  §Ã£ â„¢Ã£ â€¹Ã£â‚¬â€š ç” ·Ã£  ®Ã¤ º º: ä ¸â€°Ã¦â„¢â€šÃ¥  Ã¤ ºâ€Ã¥Ë†â€ Ã£  §Ã£ â„¢Ã£â‚¬â€š ãÆ' Ã£Æ' ¼Ã£Æ' «: 㠁 ©Ã£ â€ Ã£â€šâ€šÃ£ â€šÃ£â€šÅ Ã£ Å'㠁 ¨Ã£ â€ Ã£â‚¬â€š ç” ·Ã£  ®Ã¤ º º: 㠁 ©Ã£ â€ Ã£ â€žÃ£ Å¸Ã£ â€"㠁 ¾Ã£ â€"㠁 ¦Ã£â‚¬â€š Dialogue Translation:   Paul: Excuse me. What time is it now? Man: It is 3:15. Paul: Thank you. Man: You are welcome. Do you remember the expression Sumimasen㠁™ã  ¿Ã£  ¾Ã£ â€ºÃ£â€šâ€œ? This is a very useful phrase which can be used in various situations. In this case it means Excuse me. Ima nan-ji desu kaä »Å Ã¤ ½â€¢Ã¦â„¢â€šÃ£  §Ã£ â„¢Ã£ â€¹means What time is it now? You may also say tadaima, which means I just came home.Heres how to count to ten in Japanese: 1 ichi ï ¼Ë†Ã¤ ¸â‚¬Ã¯ ¼â€° 2 ni ï ¼Ë†Ã¤ ºÅ'ï ¼â€° 3 san ï ¼Ë†Ã¤ ¸â€°Ã¯ ¼â€° 4 yon/shi ï ¼Ë†Ã¥â€ºâ€ºÃ¯ ¼â€° 5 go ï ¼Ë†Ã¤ ºâ€Ã¯ ¼â€° 6 roku ï ¼Ë†Ã¥â€¦ ­Ã¯ ¼â€° 7 nana/shichi ï ¼Ë†Ã¤ ¸Æ'ï ¼â€° 8 hachi ï ¼Ë†Ã¥â€¦ «Ã¯ ¼â€° 9 kyuu/ku ï ¼Ë†Ã¤ ¹ Ã¯ ¼â€° 10 juu ï ¼Ë†Ã¥  Ã¯ ¼â€° Once youve memorized one through 10, its easy to figure out the rest of the numbers in Japanese.   To form numbers from 11~19, start with juu (10) and then add the number you need. Twenty is ni-juu (2X10) and for twenty one, just add one (nijuu ichi). There is another numerical system in Japanese, which is the native Japanese numbers. The native Japanese numbers are limited to one through ten. 11 juuichi (10+1) 20 nijuu (2X10) 30 sanjuu (3X10) 12 juuni (10+2) 21 nijuuichi (2X10+1) 31 sanjuuichi (3X10+1) 13 juusan (10+3) 22 nijuuni (2X10+2) 32 sanjuuni (3X10+2) Translations for Numbers to Japanese Here are a few examples of how to translate a number from English/Arabic numerals into Japanese words. (a) 45(b) 78(c) 93 (a) yonjuu-go(b) nanajuu-hachi(c) kyuujuu-san Other Phrases Needed to Tell Time Ji時 means oclock. Fun/pun分means minutes. To express the time, say the hours first, then the minutes, then add desu㠁 §Ã£ â„¢. There is no special word for quarter hours. HanÃ¥ Å  means half, as in half past the hour. The hours are quite simple, but you need to watch out for four, seven and nine. 4 o' clock yo-ji (not yon-ji) 7 o' clock shichi-ji (not nana-ji) 9 o'clock ku-ji (not kyuu-ji) Here are some examples of mixed time numerals and how to pronounce them in Japanese: (a) 1:15(b) 4:30(c) 8:42 (a) ichi-ji juu-go fun(b) yo-ji han (yo-ji sanjuppun)(c) hachi-ji yonjuu-ni fun

Eye Of The Sky, The Biggest Moral Dilemma Of Drone Warfare

Eye in the sky, The biggest moral dilemma of drone warfare The use of drones in battle fields remains to be one of the most divisive subjects in modern warfare. Use of unmanned aerial vehicles has become the hallmark of the war against terror. The move has elicited debate which is constantly gaining traction as more damming statistics are released on collateral damages associated with drone warfare. The United States has frequently deployed unmanned aerial vehicles to track down and kill enemy combatants and their leaders. Some of the notable killings were those of Jihad John, the brutal ISISi extremist famous for his execution of westerners in Syria and other al Qaeda commanders in restive terrains of northern Pakistan. Critics insist that the use of a unmanned aerial vehicles blurs the line between ethics and accountability. To back up their claims, they have pointed to the rising casualties of war where innocent persons are losing their lives as a result of drone strikes. Even though the use of unmanned aerial vehicles has been roundly cr iticized especially, by human rights bodies, it is clear that the tactic have been very effective in eliminating ruthless extremists. In my view, unmanned aerial vehicles have been instrumental in safeguarding the lives of many American soldiers while at the same time effectively executing its mandate be eliminating enemy combatants right inside their territories. The use of modern military weapons, especially those that have the abilityShow MoreRelatedMilitary Drones For Offensive Counter Terrorism Operation2123 Words   |  9 Pagesbrought their politicians together to form laws for a safer world. However, now there is a new weapon in warfare which is causing a massive controversy where the public doesn’t even completely understand the dilemma associated with it because the lack of transparency. The weapon is the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle or otherwise known as military drones. The public needs to understand that use of military drones for offensive counter-terrorism operation is harmful to the US, because it’s expensive, it increasesRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pagesconsiderations, ethics becomes a secondary, sometimes irritating, issue †¢ E.g. But consider 2003, New York Times writer Jayson Blair caught for plagiarising and falsifying elements of his stories †¦ clear to public that newspapers are nowhere higher on moral grounds than bloggers †¢ E.g. Irish undergraduate posted a poetic but phoney quote on Wikipedia hours after Maurice Jarre’s death, Wikipedia quickly removed it for the lack attribution but journalists †¢ E.g. Cover page of economist: PresidentRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesEmotional Intelligence 62 Values 65 Ethical Decision Making and Values 72 Cognitive Style 74 Attitudes Toward Change 76 Core Self-Evaluation 79 SKILL ANALYSIS 84 Cases Involving Self-Awareness 84 Communist Prison Camp 84 Computerized Exam 85 Decision Dilemmas 86 SKILL PRACTICE 89 Exercises for Improving Self-Awareness Through Self-Disclosure 89 Through the Looking Glass 89 Diagnosing Managerial Characteristics 90 An Exercise for Identifying Aspects of Personal Culture: A Learning Plan and Autobiography

Child Abuse And It s Connection With Social Work

Child Abuse and It’s Connection with Social Work Amanda Miller SWK 3301-01 Child Abuse and It’s Connection with Social Work â€Å"Childhood should be carefree, playing in the sun; not living a nightmare in the darkness of the soul† (Pelzer, 1995, p. 166). Various discussions, studies, and ethical problems are formed around the topic of child abuse. Child abuse, defined by the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA), is â€Å"any recent act or failure to act on the part of a parent or caretaker which results in death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse or exploitation†; or â€Å"an act or failure to act which presents an imminent risk of serious harm.† (Gateway, 2013) This leaves a large area for speculation on whether situations are covered under this definition. Nonetheless, child abuse is an unfortunate and growing problem in society today. With several causes such as poverty, parents who do not know any differently, and behavioral issues. 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Bus105 Business Statistics

Question: Section 1: Goals and format of the assignment Paraphrase the following, there will be a similar discussions in the lectures and tutorials you can paraphrase that instead This assignment is supposed to help students understand the following concepts. * You can ask a sample of people simple questions and give a numerical summary of the results *The summary is not reliable, different samples would give different answers , This lack of reliability can be well explained by theoretical distributions such as the z distribution. *You can use Hypothesis testing to use sample to answer a questions about the population *The first sections of the assignment involve explaining and summarizing a large data set of simple data and interpreting the results the later sections discuss Hypothesis testing, the issues of collecting and working with large sets of data, and the fact it is very hard to fully understand the applications of the z distribution. Section 2: Description of the data set a)Expand upon and paraphrase the following, definitely describe each of the variables, For each variable answer the question is it categorical or numerical? The data set is the survey responses of 100,000 people every student has their own sample of 100 people , Each person is shown one of 3 possible endings for a tv show, ending 1, ending 2 or ending 3 and they are asked two questions , question 1: Do they like the movie? Question 2: How much would they pay for the DVD? b) Also do one or both of the following *Give some more questions that could be asked *Criticise the existing questions Section 3: Summary of the data set You must do this section first because the descriptive statistics will help you understand the assignment, When you write up the assignment the descriptive statistics section will go in the middle of the assignment, however you really need to do it first. You need to Open up the assignment data set (the file computer assignment with filters) You must only use your sample of 100 numbers use the filter given in the excel sheet to find your own 100 numbers (this should become clear if you actually open the excel file) Read instructions given in the excel file and answer the following questions. Answer the following questions (refer to the excel file for more instructions) you must get excel to give you your data set, your numbers will be different to the other students. Question 1 For the variable Do they like the tv show find =phat1=proportion of people that liked the tv show with ending 1 =phat2=proportion of people that liked the tv show with ending 2 =phat3=proportion of people that liked the tv show with ending 3 find phat1-phat2 phat2-phat3 Give a chart that compares the proportion of the 3 different tv show endings Question 2 find =xbar1=the average amount people would pay for the dvd of the tv show with ending 1 =xbar2= the average amount people would pay for the dvd of the tv show with ending 2 =xbar3=the average amount people would pay for the dvd of the tv show with ending 3 find xbar1-xbar2 xbar2-xbar3 Answer: SECTION 1 The write-up uses the following concepts: Population and sampling techniques Calculating Descriptive values - mean, mode, median, variance, maximum, range and coefficient of variation. Drawing of Graphs - histograms and bar chart Sampling distributions Estimation theory point estimates Hypothesis tests SECTION 2 This report is based on a sample drawn from a set of 10,000 survey responses of people. The sample size is 100, based on student id. The questionnaire administered relates to the person being shown one of 3 possible endings for a TV show, ending 1, ending 2 or ending 3 and they are asked two questions. Q1: Do they like the show? The answer is recorded as YES/ NO. The answer is therefore a categorical data type with 2 categories. Q2: How much would they pay for the DVD? This answer is a quantitative variable, with positive integers only as values. Section III In this section we present some findings as required: First we deal with the point estimates of the proportion of viewers in each group, defined by the ending shown. =phat1=.29 =phat2=.44 =phat3=.27 phat1-phat2 = -0.03 phat2-phat3 = -0.01 The table below shows the distribution of viewers across groups with their liking. Majority of viewers in group 2 and 3 like the show( 23/44 and 21/27), unlike in group 1 where the majority do not like the show. ( 16 out of 29) YES NO endg1 13 16 29 endg2 23 21 44 endg3 21 6 27 57 43 100 We present data on point estimates of average amounts that each group is willing to pay: =xbar1= 4.73 =xbar2= 5.76 =xbar3 = 8.2 sample average = 6.127 xbar1-xbar2 = -1.033 xbar2-xbar3 = - 2.439 Next we consider each group separately and visualise the distribution of willingness to pay using histograms. The following representation shows frequency distribution as well as cumulative percentage of this distribution visually. The table below shows the frequency numerically also. class Frequency ending 1 ending 2 ending 3 0 to less than 2 16 21 6 2 to less than 4 0 0 0 4 to less than 6 0 0 0 6 to less than 8 4 3 3 8 to less than 10 4 10 9 10 to less than 12 3 6 5 12 2 4 4 We now provide descriptive statistics for the 3 categories outlined above. ending 1 ending 2 ending 3 Mean 4.734483 5.768182 8.207407 Standard Error 0.926529 0.81876 0.884996 Median 0.9 8 9 Mode 8 9 9 Standard Deviation 4.989 5.431038 4.598572 Skewness 0.406286 0.290192 -0.87268 Range 13 18 14 Maximum 13 18 14 SECTION 4 Summary of data description: Average amount that a viewer wants to pay for a DVD is highest for show with ending 3- at 8.207 For shows with ending 1 with TV show ending with1 the average amount that a viewer wants to pay for a DVD is lowest at 4.73. The average amount for shows ending with 2 is 5.768, closer to group 1 average. The sample average stands at 6.127. There is less similarity in the maximum amount that a viewer is willing to pay for a DVD across all show. It is highest at 18 for group 2 and lowest for group 1 at 13. The three groups differ in skewness. Shows ending with 1 and 2 are positively skewed in contrast with negative skewness for group 3. This is seen in histograms as well. There is zero willingness to pay for amounts between $2 and $6 across groups. The range is almost same across categories, and equals the maximum amount as the minimum amount is zero in all groups. Range = maximum minimum. When minimum is zero range equals maximum. Variation is captured in an absolute sense by standard deviation. The standard deviation is highest for group 2 and lowest for group 3. SECTION 5 The use of surveys in making conclusions about populations is based on theory of estimation and hypothesis testing. The usefulness of surveys is unchallenged, especially when time and money constraints are important. They become unavoidable when the population itself is infinite or uncountable. The quality of the results ( in terms of relevance and usefulness) and conclusions drawn from a sample are subject to many considerations- size of sample as compared to population size, sampling technique used, confidence level chosen and the questions asked in any questionnaire from sample participants. After controlling for these aspects some problems still remain in the form of non sampling errors that include nature of responses being biased or participants giving wrong information. Some participants may provide frivolous answers as they are not required to prove the veracity of their answers with actions. When we ask how they are willing to pay for DVD they can sound magnanimous and state a large number, but may actually refuse to pay that amount. The questionnaire may not be exhaustive. For example for Q1, along with YES/ NO we can have CANT SAY also. SECTION 6 Let us consider shows ending with 1 and 2 first YES NO Ending 1 13 16 Ending 2 21 21 We use a chi square test of association to test for association between liking show and its ending for two pairs - 1and 2, and 2 and 3. The null hypothesis is independence between ending and liking. The alternative hypothesis says there is an association between liking a shos and its ending. First group 1 and 2, calculating expected values, we note that the chi square test value is 13.02395 and the critical value with 95% confidence is 5.02(with 1 degree of freedom). We DO NOT accept the null hypothesis. observed expected (O-E)^2/E 13 10.44 0.627739 16 10.73 2.588341 23 15.84 3.236465 21 16.28 1.368452 7.820997 . Let us consider shows ending with 2 and 3 now: YES NO Ending 2 23 21 Ending 3 21 6 Again using a chi square test we note that the test value is 13.264 and the critical value with 95% confidence is 5.02. Clearly, there is NO independence between liking the show and its ending. observed expected (O-E)^2/E 23 19.36 0.68438 21 11.88 7.001212 21 11.88 7.001212 6 7.29 0.228272 14.91508 We now conduct tests for checking differences in mean amounts that people are willing to pay for shows ending with 1 and 2. We use a normal distribution for the estimated difference value Ho: 1 = 2 H1: 1 2 Test value = (-1.033/ SE ) SE= (5^2/29 +4.9^2/44) ^.5 = 1.816 Test value = -.871 Using a 99% level of confidence the critical z value is 2.57. As test value critical value we can say that there is a NO significant difference in amounts people are willing to pay for DVDs with shows ending with 1 and 2. Now for shows ending with 2 and 3 . Ho: 2 = 3 H1: 2 3 Test value = (-2.439/ SE ) SE= (4.9^2/44 +4.6^2/27) ^.5 = 1.115 Test value = -2.1156. Using a 99% level of confidence the critical z value is 2.57. as test value critical value we can say that there is NO significant difference in amounts people are willing to pay for DVDs with shows ending with 2 and 3. SECTION VII Sampling distributions are an integral part of estimation and hypothesis theory. This theory forms the basis of any sample analysis to derive population glimpses. As a theory it is based on mathematical theory of probability distributions and mathematical proofs. Sampling theory uses a technique of deriving statistic values from samples. The samples are ideally infinite in number. These statistic values are then applied on probability distributions like normal z, t, F and chi square distributions to aid in the test of hypothesis. We have used two such distributions in our report chi square distribution to check independence of liking across categories, normal distribution to check differences in amount that people are willing to pay across shows. In real life we only draw one sample, which is why a theoretical concept that uses an infinite number of samples is difficult to grasp and understand SECTION VIII. We work with a sample that constitutes 1% of the population data, (100 out of 10000 datapoints). The conclusions are conditional on the student id that is used as the sampling method. These sample points are randomly spread over three groups based on show ending. Our sample has a disproportionate large number of data points in group 2, for shows with ending 2 (44 out of 100). The data shows variations in terms of some descriptive statistics like mean, variance, maximum values, skewness and standard deviation across all groups formed on the basis of ending of the show. There is a similarity in terms of maximum willingness to pay and range. Also there is a statistically significant association between liking show and its ending when we choose 2 pairs of shows( ending 1 and 2=, and ending 2 and 3). The differences in average amounts that a viewer pays are not statistically significant if we choose a 99% confidence level. These results are conditional on the level of confidence ( or Type 1 error chosen) a lower confidence level may change the conclusions.

Assignment Problems Difficulties

Question: What are the assignment Problems? Explain. Answer: 1. Prescription of inhalers to Ms. Bremmer The patient Ms. Bremmer depicts breathing difficulties indicated by the lung sounds with bilateral wheezes and diminished sounds at bases. The assessment of bronchospasm in the patient leads to the prescription of albuterol inhaler for her. Albuterol acts as a bronchodilator and facilitates the relaxation and opening of the air passages to lungs easing the scope of breathing for the patient (Nlm.nih.gov, 2015). It thus provides relief to the asthma patients and those with reversible obstructive airway disease. The flunisolide inhalant is prescribed to control wheezing and breathe shortness (Laube et al. 2011). Since, Ms. Bremmer is identified with wheezing and shortness in breath, she is correctly prescribed with the flunisolide inhalant. It works by entering the lungs directly and reducing irritation and swelling of the airways that cause bronchospasm. 2. Contraindications/precautions eliminating the use of prescribed drugs for Ms. Bremmer Allergy to albuterol is a major contraindication that can eliminate the use of albuterol inhaler prescribed to Ms. Bremmer. An overdose of this medication is fatal (Nlm.nih.gov, 2015). Intake of medicines in the category of beta blockers, diuretics, epinephrine, antidepressants and other drugs for cold and inhalers for relaxing air passages can interfere with the actions of the albuterol to produce side effects. The other drug flunisolide also needs to be checked for allergic contraindications. Inactive ingredients as methanol contained in this drug is potential to stimulate allergic reactions or other associated health problems (Chow et al. 2013). Unusual tiredness and weight loss are associated with flunisolide as contraindications. This drug increases the patients exposure and vulnerability to infections by causing the vaccines to fail to work properly. 3. Patient variables to consider for Ms. Bremmer during assesing her drug therapy The variables such as the heartbeat, blood pressure, temperature, the existence of diseases as thyroid, diabetes and seizure disorder are vital to consider for assessing the drug therapy for Ms. Bremmer. The presence of any allergy to albuterol or flunisolide is also important to consider in assessing the drug therapy prescribed to Ms. Bremmer. 4. Core drug knowledge to consider avoiding interaction with patient variables The knowledge of the components of the drug composition is very important to enable the avoiding their interaction with the patient variables. For instance, the methanol component of flunisolide can interact with the patients body and produce an allergic reaction. Albuterol is sold under trade name AccuNeb with less than 20% absorption ability of Tmax as 0.5h and Cmax as 2.1ng/mL. It works through relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle by stimulating beta-2-receptor (Gardenhire, 2013). Flunisolide belongs to adrenal glucocorticoid class of drugs controlling asthma and improving lung functions as necessary in Ms. Bremmers. 5. Nursing assessment findings depicting effectiveness of drug therapy Findings derived from the nursing assessment procedure identify the vitals of the patients as heartbeat, blood pressure (BP), pulse rate, respiration rate, temperature, and oxygen saturation (pulse oximetry). This information is essential to understand the current health status of the individual. As opined by Polit and Beck (2013), the changes in the vitals with a focus on the breathing pattern of the patient starkly depict the effectiveness of the drug therapy. Assessing Ms. Bremmer with a decreasing pulse from 110 to normal range of 60-100 beats/minute, respiration from 26 to a rate of 18-24 (normal) and BP from high to the normal range of 120/80 will indicate the efficacy of the drug therapy on the health of the patient. 6. Nursing assessment findings demonstrating adverse effects of drug therapy Adverse effects can be easily identified from the findings of the nursing assessment. An increase in the respiration rate of Ms. Bremmer, further fastening of the pulse beat and heightening of BP will indicate the adverse effects of the drug therapy on the patient. As pinpointed by Potter et al. (2013), the depiction of a headache, coughing, swallowing difficulty and chest pain are other adverse effects that can be evident in Ms. Bremmer. 7. Nursing actions indicating maximization of therapeutic effects The therapeutic effects of the albuterol and flunisolide can be maximized by the execution of nursing actions as the correct assessment of the changes in the vitals of the patient after intake of the drugs. Efficient hourly observation of the patient and recording the health details are other effective nursing actions that can maximize the therapeutic effects of the drugs (Laube et al. 2011). The nurses can also drive Ms. Bremmer towards the exercises as meditation and other cardiological activities to calm down her heart and thus enabling a better therapeutic effect on the breathing pattern of the patient. 8. Nursing actions indicating minimization of adverse effects The asthma patients are identified to be at high risk of oxygen toxicity from receiving inspired oxygen concentration (F1O2) over 0.5-0.6 for a long period. The close monitoring and oxygen titration by the nurse minimizes the risk of adverse effects on patients health (Polit and Beck, 2013). Regular monitoring and close assessment action of nurse enable early detection of any unusual symptoms thereby preventing the occurrence of any detrimental effect on patients health. The nursing action of administering fluid replacement of Ms. Bremmer as per need can help reduce the adverse effect of dehydration due to decreased oral intake in the asthma patient. 9. Teaching for Ms. Bremmer about drug therapy Ms. Bremmer needs to have a sound knowledge of the dosing and precautions regarding the use of the prescribed drug. The Proper procedure of intake of the drug is an essential aspect that the patient needs to know (Mayoclinic.org, 2015). Ms. Bremmer must use the aerosol inhaler of albuterol as many times the label states (number of inhalation it contains) after which it needs to be discarded. Since it is a therapy to control the health issues relating to asthma but do not cure the issue, so the patient need to talk to the doctor before stopping the intake of the medicine. Ms. Bremmer must also know about the symptoms of overdose or underdose of the medications of flunisolide and albuterol intake to be able to recognize detrimental or unseals effects on her health and immediately contact the physician. References Chow, C. M., Chow, M. P. Y., Luk, D., Hon, E., and Sugunan, V. K. (2013). Clinical Guidelines.HK J Paediatr (new series),18, 96-104. Gardenhire, D. S. (2013).Rau's respiratory care pharmacology. Elsevier Health Sciences. Laube, B. L., Janssens, H. M., de Jongh, F. H., Devadason, S. G., Dhand, R., Diot, P. and Chrystyn, H. (2011). What the pulmonary specialist should know about the new inhalation therapies.European Respiratory Journal,37(6), 1308-1417. Mayoclinic.org, (2015).Albuterol (Inhalation Route) Precautions - Mayo Clinic. [online] Available at: https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/albuterol-inhalation-route/precautions/drg-20073536 [Accessed 1 Aug. 2015]. Nlm.nih.gov, (2015).Albuterol Oral Inhalation: MedlinePlus Drug Information. [online] Available at: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a682145.html#side-effects [Accessed 1 Aug. 2015]. Polit, D. F., and Beck, C. T. (2013).Essentials of nursing research: Appraising evidence for nursing practice. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Potter, P. A., Perry, A. G., Stockert, P., and Hall, A. (2013).Fundamentals of nursing. Elsevier Health Sciences.